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Solar Photo voltaic Systems
A solar panel system, also known as a photovoltaic (PV) system, consists of solar panels, an inverter, and other necessary electrical and mechanical components that harness solar energy to produce electricity. These systems come in a wide range of sizes, from small rooftop or portable setups to large utility-scale power plants. A photovoltaic (PV) cell, also known as a solar cell, is a device that directly converts sunlight into electricity without the use of mechanical components. Certain PV cells are capable of converting artificial light into electricity as well.
categories
There exist three primary categories of solar PV systems: grid-tied, hybrid, and off-grid. Each category of solar panel system presents its own set of pros and cons, ultimately depending on the customer's specific goals for their solar panel setup.
Solar On Grid System
These PV systems are widely used and referred to as on-grid, grid-tied, grid-intertied, or grid-direct systems. They produce solar electricity and distribute it to both the loads and the grid, reducing the overall electricity consumption. The system consists of a PV array and an inverter. A grid-connected system functions similarly to a conventional electric-powered system, with the difference being that some or all of the electricity is generated from solar energy. However, these batteryless systems lack outage protection, meaning they cannot operate when there is a failure in the utility grid.
Enhanced design adaptability is achieved as the system is not obligated to power all of the household's loads. It is a more cost-effective option when compared to stand-alone or grid-tied systems with battery backup. This type of system demands minimal maintenance. Excess energy produced by the system can be shared with the utility grid. Grid-direct systems boast higher efficiency levels due to the absence of batteries in the setup. The utilization of higher voltage results in the use of smaller wire sizes. Moreover, electricity expenses remain constant throughout the system's lifespan. However, in the event of a grid outage, the home will not receive power. Lastly, there are specific paperwork requirements for interconnection, incentives, and rebates.
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Solar Off grid system
Grid-Tied System with Battery Backup This system closely resembles an off-grid setup in terms of design and components, but it also incorporates the utility grid to lessen the system's reliance on providing energy constantly.
Designated loads maintain power during grid outages. Excess energy is sold back to the utility instead of being wasted, unlike stand-alone systems with full batteries on sunny days. Regular maintenance is necessary for batteries. Rewiring circuits from the main service panel to a separate subpanel is necessary. Increased complexity due to additional components. Efficiency losses occur in battery systems, reducing overall system performance. Grid-tied-with-battery-backup systems are more expensive compared to grid-direct systems. Typically provides only modest backup, with not all loads being supported. Paperwork is required for interconnection, incentives, and rebates.
Hybrid system
The hybrid system aims to optimize power availability by integrating various power sources. It has the capability to harness energy from the sun, wind, or a diesel generator, while also providing backup power through a battery.
Having various sources of generation enables the use of complementary sources and backup. For example, during sunny days, the PV array can charge the battery, while during cloudy and windy days, a wind turbine can take over the charging duties. This setup allows for a more efficient use of array size and battery bank capacity, reducing the need for oversizing during periods of low sunlight. However, it is important to note that a more complex system design and installation may be required, and upfront expenses can increase due to the use of multiple power sources. Additionally, regular maintenance is necessary for wind turbines and generators.
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We Design & Ship Solar Systems
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